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What are the uses of large volume parenterals?

Large volume parenterals (LVPs) are terminally sterilized (autoclave) injectable aqueous drug products packaged in a single dose container, generally of 100 ml or larger (usually up to 1 liter). The major ingredient of large volume parenterals is virtually always water and the active drug ingredients vary. Common ones include 5% to 50% dextrose, salts, albumin, dextran, and amino acids at varying percentages. Production batch sizes are usually very large, on the order of thousands of liters.


Application of appropriate liquid filters in the manufacturing process of LVPs is numerous. They are used in the preparation of pharmaceutical grade waters for cleaning and product makeup, to final filtration for particulate and bioburden reduction immediately prior to filling and terminal sterilization.


Large-volume parenterals (LVPs) include intravenous solutions sold in bags or bottles containing 100 mL or greater (250 mL, 500 mL, 1 L). They are packaged in these large volumes because larger quantities are typically required. Common LVPs include solutions needed to correct electrolyte and fluid imbalances, provide important nutrients or act as a vehicle for the delivery of other drugs. The most common examples include sodium chloride solution, dextrose solution, Ringer's solution, and lactated Ringer's solution, as well as combinations of dextrose and sodium chloride. The market for LVPs is expanding due to an increase in the numbers of surgeries performed and the growing numbers of patients with chronic and other lifestyle-related diseases requiring hospitalizations. LVPs provide a faster method for administering drugs to patients during surgery and when in the hospital. A growing preference by patients for single-dose administration of vaccines and drugs to treat chronic diseases is also driving demand for LVPs.